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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20260405T120809Z
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/London:20230802T230000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/London:20230803T010000
SUMMARY:Higher-order quantification and natural language property-talk
UID:20260405T195202Z-iCalPlugin-Grails@philevents-web-f5d4878dd-4s97k
TZID:Europe/London
DESCRIPTION:<p><strong>Abstract</strong>: I will defend the view that the usage of words like &lsquo\;property&rsquo\; in natural languages is correctly understood in higher-order terms. For example\, the English sentence &rsquo\;Socrates has some property&rsquo\; literally means exactly the same as the higher-order sentence &exist\;X.X(Socrates). &nbsp\;This view implies that many natural-language expressions are highly type-ambiguous. I respond to an influential objection to such ambiguity by giving an account of sentences like &lsquo\;Athens and the property of being Athenian were both mentioned by Socrates&rsquo\; in which a single word-occurrence seems to need to have several differently-typed interpretations simultaneously. &nbsp\;This account is most naturally stated using an extended form of higher-order language that allows for&nbsp\;<em>sum-types</em>. &nbsp\;These may initially seem metaphysically suspect\, but are in fact harmless\, since given very weak logical assumptions\, any theory stated using sum-types can be translated into a theory stated without them.&nbsp\;</p>
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