Perspectives on Altruism: Empathy, Compassion, Care

In recent years, a significant debate on the concept of altruism, not only in the philosophical realm but also in neuroscience, psychology, and economics, has been developed. Indeed, the need to rethink this topic starting from the “philosophy of the second person” and to integrate the “thou” into the existential constitution of the “I” emerged. In fact, the concept of altruism refers to two main aspects of human identity, meaning both the relationship with oneself and with others. Discussing altruism from this perspective highlights the dynamic of stepping outside oneself to recognize what is good for the other and to promote it selflessly. It also involves investigating the motivational structure and analyzing the role of virtues that may enhance altruism, such as empathy and compassion, which are at the basis of caregiving. Conversely, some theories of “effective altruism” paradoxically seem to fit into a utilitarian vision or the individualistic model of self-realization for emotional well-being. Therefore, it is necessary to contribute to building a society that opposes the paradigm of immunization with those of proximity and care.

The conference aims to delve into the issue of altruism as an essential link between the Self and Otherness, interpreting it as a specific human feature, both on a theoretical and applied level. During the conference, philosophical reflection on altruism will open up an interdisciplinary perspective on medicine, ecology, communication, pedagogy, theology, and sociology, among others.