Hierarchical control: beyond dual process theory

Carolyn Dicey-Jennings (University of California)

Cognitive science embraces dual process theory, in which all behavior lies on a spectrum from automatic/reflexive behavior to rational/controlled behavior. Skilled behavior challenges this view. I will present what I call the puzzle of skilled behavior: skilled behavior has qualities of both intentional and non-intentional action. Unlike exemplar intentional behaviors, for example, skilled behavior does not require attention. I will argue that evidence on skilled behavior calls for us to distinguish two types of control--rational control and expert control--both of which allow for intentional action. I call this a hierarchical control theory, as it introduces “middle management” to the theory of control.